"[121], More fundamentally, doubts were cast on the altruistic motives typically claimed by OERs. [20] In 2018, the 2nd World OER Congress in Ljubljana, Slovenia, was co-organized by UNESCO and the Government of Slovenia. This is a first edition, compiled by Rebus Community, and we welcome feedback and ideas to expand the text. Open educational resources can provide access to high-quality resources while offsetting the costs of traditional textbooks. Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Open educational resources in Canada are the various initiatives related to open educational resources and open education established nationally and provincially in Canada, and with international collaboration. Wikiwijs (the Netherlands), was a program intended to promote the use of open educational resources (OER) in the Dutch education sector;[78]. However, alternative and more flexible licensing options have become available as a result of the work of Creative Commons, a non-profit organization that provides ready-made licensing agreements that are less restrictive than the "all rights reserved" terms of standard international copyright. [57], To encourage more researchers to join in the field of OER, the Open Education Group has created an "OER Research Fellowship" program, which selects 15-30 doctoral students and early career researchers in North America (US and Canada). OpenStax's stated mission is to create professional grade textbooks for the highest-enrollment undergraduate college courses that are the same quality as traditional textbooks, but are adaptable and available free to students. Open Author helps you build and publish Open Educational Resources for you and for the benefit of educators and learners everywhere. Saudi Arabia started a project in 2011 to digitize all text books other than Math and Science. In 2001, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), openly discussed the online sharing of faculty-created courseware for free public use to allow for fair access to all. Adult Education Open Community of Resources, Pathways Project | OER Language Teaching Repository @ Boise State. Outcomes: the impact of OER adoption/use on student learning to gain the necessary skills required to find, adapt, and evaluate high quality open materials. [82] Its Wikieducator's Learning4Content project builds skills in the use of MediaWiki and related free software technologies for mass collaboration in the authoring of free content and claims to be the world's largest wiki training project for education. In Sweden there is a growing interest in open publication and the sharing of educational resources but the pace of development is still slow. And some OER must be created and produced originally at some time. By way of comparison, the Commonwealth of Learning "has adopted the widest definition of Open Educational Resources (OER) as 'materials offered freely and openly to use and adapt for teaching, learning, development and research'". Usage: the impact of and practices around customization of OER In 2003, the ownership of Wikipedia and Wiktionary projects was transferred to the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit charitable organization whose goal is to collect and develop free educational content and to disseminate it effectively and globally. Results of these projects have been used to inform research into how to support K-12 educator OER adoption literacies and the diffusion of open practices.[105]. Saudi Arabia had a comprehensive project in 2008 to digitize and improve the Math and Science text books in all k-12 grades. On the other hand, there are some costs in the assembly and adaptation process. The SkillsCommons content exceeded two million downloads in September 2019 and at that time was considered to be the world's largest repository of open educational and workforce training materials. The first version of the website was launched in March 2015[101] and the website is continuously developing. The most advantageous aspect of using open education resources is the fact that the… The library maintains timely data on reported adoptions, resources, and student savings for the province. [27] In a first manifestation of this movement, MIT entered a partnership with Utah State University, where assistant professor of instructional technology David Wiley set up a distributed peer support network for the OCW's content through voluntary, self-organizing communities of interest. [83], Between 2006 and 2007, as a Transversal Action under the European eLearning Programme, the Open e-Learning Content Observatory Services (OLCOS) project carries out a set of activities that aim at fostering the creation, sharing and re-use of Open Educational Resources (OER) in Europe and beyond. Microsites allow your users to search resource collections using a custom taxonomy at a unique URL. Open education is a philosophy about the way people should produce, share, and build on knowledge. Nordic OER is a Nordic network to promote open education and collaboration amongst stakeholders in all educational sectors. There is also a tension between entities which find value in quantifying usage of OER and those which see such metrics as themselves being irrelevant to free and open resources. [45], Creative Commons and multiple other open organizations launched the Open Policy Network to foster the creation, adoption and implementation of open policies and practices that advance the public good by supporting open policy advocates, organizations and policy makers, connecting open policy opportunities with assistance, and sharing open policy information. One of several tensions in reaching a consensus description of OER (as found in the above definitions) is whether there should be explicit emphasis placed on specific technologies. During this same time period from 2013–2014, Northern Virginia Community College (NOVA) also created two zero-cost OER degree pathways: one an associate degree in General Studies, the other an associate degree in Social Science. For this reason, it may be as helpful to consider the differences between descriptions of open educational resources as it is to consider the descriptions themselves. Butcher and Hoosen[67] noted that “a key argument put forward by those who have written about the potential benefits of OER relates to its potential for saving cost or, at least, creating significant economic efficiencies. OER need not be created from scratch. While OER must be hosted and disseminated, and some require funding, OER development can take different routes, such as creation, adoption, adaptation and curation. Open Education Week’s goal is to raise awareness about free and open educational opportunities that exist for everyone, everywhere, right now. Microsites are custom, flexible sites that include all the features available on OER Commons. [72] Believing that OERs can widen access to quality education, particularly when shared by many countries and higher education institutions, UNESCO also champions OERs as a means of promoting access, equity and quality in the spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. to experience the benefits of open processes using the platform's tools, collaborative features, and workflows. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences". [103] This was shortly followed by an Open Textbook Crash Course,[104] which provides K-12 educators with basic knowledge about copyright, open licensing, and attribution. The goals of this initiative were twofold: 1) to improve student success, and 2) to increase instructor effectiveness. The cost and quality of online open textbooks: Perceptions of community college faculty and students. The foundation also supports the creation of new openly licensed materials where they are not already available as well as through its Open Textbook Challenge. After co-creating with his students, in 1967, the German Student Party, Beuys was dismissed from his teaching post in 1972 at the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. Allen & Seaman, 2014;[52] Bliss, Hilton, Wiley, & Thanos, 2013[53]). In addition to being a compilation of open educational resources, NDLA provides a range of other online tools for sharing and cooperation. Open educational resources policies are principles or tenets adopted by governing bodies in support of the use of open content and practices in educational institutions. OER can be print or digital. Become an OERu partner. Upfront costs in developing the OER infrastructure can be expensive, such as building the OER infrastructure.
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