Kim (1901), about an Irish orphan in India, is a classic. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The Stalky saga is one of Kipling’s great imaginative achievements. Rudyard Kipling was born on December 30, 1865, in Bombay, India. However, at the age of six, Kipling's life was torn apart when his mother, wanting her son to receive a formal British education, sent him to Southsea, England, where he attended school and lived with a foster family named the Holloways. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In 1902, the Kiplings bought a large estate in Sussex known as Bateman's. Rudyard Kipling was an English author famous for an array of works like 'Just So Stories,' 'If' and 'The Jungle Book.' Most of his work celebrated the English Empire and its soldiers in India. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907. Over time, Kipling would become known for harboring a sense of English imperialism and views on certain cultures that would draw much objection and be seen as disturbingly racist. He moved to England in 1889 and enjoyed a meteoric rise to literary fame, especially after the appearance of Barrack-Room Ballads (1892). The Jungle Book (1894) and The Second Jungle Book (1895) are stylistically superb collections of stories. He learned the language and, in this bustling city of Anglos, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists and Jews, connected with the country and its culture. British author Beatrix Potter wrote and illustrated more than 20 children's books starring Peter Rabbit, Jemima Puddle-Duck and Benjamin Bunny. Along with his younger sister, Alice, he reveled in exploring the local markets with his nanny. In 1926, he … In London, he met Wolcott Balestier, an American agent and publisher who quickly became one of Kipling's great friends and supporters. He is most famous for his children's stories, including The Jungle Book and the Just So Stories. Rudyard Kipling is remembered for his stories and poems of British soldiers in India and for his tales for children. John Donne, leading English poet of the Metaphysical school, is often considered the greatest loved poet in the English language. His poems included “Mandalay,” “Gunga Din,” and “If—.” His children’s stories included The Jungle Book (1894) and Just So Stories (1902). Sussex was the background of much of his later writing—especially in Puck of Pook’s Hill (1906) and Rewards and Fairies (1910), two volumes that, although devoted to simple dramatic presentations of English history, embodied some of his deepest intuitions. 1878- Rudyard was sent to study at the United Service College at Westward Ho in Devon. When he died, two days before King George V, he must have seemed to many a far less representative Englishman than his sovereign. There was a … A live-action/CGI version of the movie was later released in 2016, with direction by Jon Favreau and the vocal talents of Idris Elba, Ben Kingsley, Lupita Nyong'o and Scarlett Johansson. He received the 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature. Besides numerous short-story collections and poetry collections such as The Seven Seas (1896), Kipling published his best-known novels in the 1890s and immediately thereafter. In the winter of 1899, Carrie, who was homesick, decided that the family needed to travel back to New York to see her mother. Kipling was the recipient of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature. "Behold us," he wrote in a November 1902 letter, "lawful owners of a grey stone, lichened house—A.D. A third child, John, was born in 1897, after the Kiplings had left America. Between 1885 and 1888, Rudyard Kipling went to Simla each year for his annual leave and the town, which became a center of power in India for six months of the year, features quite strongly in his stories. In his early years, Kipling lived with a foster family in England and discovered his passion for writing during his childhood. Although he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1907, his political views, which grew more toxic as he aged, have long made him critically unpopular. By the age of 11, Kipling was on the verge of a nervous breakdown. He vowed never to return to America. The sights and sounds, even the language, which he'd believed he'd forgotten, rushed back to him upon his arrival. These books give further proof that Kipling excelled at telling a story but was inconsistent in producing balanced, cohesive novels. We strive for accuracy and fairness. {{-*error}} 0.0 based on 0 rates. But nothing ever came of the search, and John's body was never recovered. At the time of his birth, his parents, John and Alice, were recent arrivals in India as part of the British Empire. These convictions are not to be dismissed in a word: they were bound up with a genuine sense of a civilizing mission that required every Englishman, or, more broadly, every white man, to bring European culture to those he considered the heathen natives of the uncivilized world. He published the verse collection Departmental Ditties in 1886, the short-story collection Plain Tales from the Hills in 1888, and between 1887 and 1889 he brought out six paper-covered volumes of short stories. Kipling did recover, but his beloved Josephine did not. The property had been erected in 1634, and for the private Kiplings, it offered the kind of isolation they now cherished. As much of Europe braced for war with Germany, Kipling proved to be an ardent supporter of the fight. Kipling received the 1907 Nobel Prize for Literature. Rudyard Kipling is remembered for his stories and poems of British soldiers in India and for his tales for children. Kipling revered the new home, with its lush gardens and classic details. Kipling’s poems and stories were extraordinarily popular in the late 19th and early 20th century, but after World War I his reputation as a serious writer suffered through his being widely viewed as a jingoistic imperialist. In 1892 Kipling married Caroline Balestier, the sister of Wolcott Balestier, an American publisher and writer with whom he had collaborated in The Naulahka (1892), a facile and unsuccessful romance. He died in 1936. Rudyard Kipling is an English writer born in 1865 in Bombay. ACHIEVEMENTS Rudyard Kiplingworked very hard for the Newspaper for six years from 1883. His support of English imperialism at first contributed to this popularity but caused a reaction against him in the 20th century. These were hard years for Kipling. Rudyard Kipling - Poets, Life Achievements and Personal Life. Kipling fell in love with life in the states, and the two decided to settle there. J.R.R. The book's name had, in fact, come from Josephine, who told her father he had to repeat each tale as he always had, or "just so," as Josephine often said. On 22 October 1924, Elsie Kipling married George Bambridge and in 1938 they bought Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire's largest stately home. Achievements Kipling was the recipient of many honorary degrees and other awards. It haunted Kipling for the rest of his life—but always as the glorious place celebrated in Stalky & Co. (1899) and related stories: an unruly paradise in which the highest goals of English education are met amid a tumult of teasing, bullying, and beating. It was a powerful time in the young writer's life. In 1882, Kipling returned to India. The writer’s life also generates interest in people: it was exciting and complicated. Ever after Kipling remained very aware that Americans were “foreigners,” and he extended to them, as to the French, no more than a semi-exemption from his proposition that only “lesser breeds” are born beyond the English Channel. Rudyard Kipling was an English writer best known for the children's book The Jungle Book . Nighttime, especially, proved to be valuable for the young writer. 1634 over the door—beamed, paneled, with old oak staircase and all untouched and unfaked.". His work during this time included The Jungle Book (1894), The Naulahka: A Story of West and East (1892) and The Second Jungle Book (1895), among others. (His rehabilitation was attempted, however, by T.S. Kipling returned to India in 1882 and worked for seven years as a journalist. Kipling's experiences during this time formed the backbone for a series of stories he began to write and publish. The biography contains the life history of popular writer, Rudyard Kipling. The works of Rudyard Kipling, who in 1907 became the first English writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize, have left a mixed legacy: Kipling is recognized for his extraordinary ear for language, his precise use of spare, vivid imagery, and his innovative plots and deceptively simple structure. Kipling Sahib is indeed a good biography, but it is confined tothe writer's early years. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. He is best known for authoring 'The Hobbit' and 'The Lord of the Rings' trilogy. Born in Bombay, India, Rudyard Kipling was educated in England, returning to India in 1882. The gentle Kipling was embarrassed by the attention and regretful of how his celebrity had worked against him. Carrington's was the authorised biography, but that was published as long ago as 1955. Rudyard Kipling Biography - English Journalist, Short-Story Writer, Poet, and Novelist #RudyardKipling #biography #poet He published in 1886, his first collection of Verse, Departmental Ditties. He described dreadful years of his childhood in his short story Baa Baa, Black Sheep. When the poet laureate Alfred, Lord Tennyson, died in 1892, it may be said that Kipling took his place in popular estimation. Seamus Heaney was a renowned Irish poet and professor who won the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature. A decade later, Kipling married Caroline Balestier and settled in Brattleboro, Vermont, where he wrote The Jungle Book (1894), among a host of other works that made him hugely successful. Kipling's work entered the realm of mass popular entertainment in the Disney film adaptation of The Jungle Book, a 1967 animated musical loosely based on the original tale. Rudyard Kipling was born in India and spent his early childhood there. In 1926 he received the Gold Medal of the Royal Society of Literature, which only Scott, Meredith, and Hardy had been awarded before him. The Kiplings were broke. As a writer, too, Kipling flourished. To help relax his mind, Alice took her son on an extended vacation and then placed him in a new school in Devon. Rudyard Kipling Timeline: 1865- Joseph Rudyard Kipling was born on 30 December 1865. Rudyard led an exciting life filled with journeys and interesting situations. Omissions? Rudyard Kipling Biography Stories. Published: 1889. But life again took another dramatic turn for the family when Kipling had a major falling out with Beatty. In addition to Plain Tales From the Hills, Kipling published a second collection of short stories, Wee Willie Winkie (1888), and American Notes (1891), which chronicled his early impressions of America. He traveled to America and wrote 'American Notes' about his experiences. Rudyard Kipling was a British author in the late 19th and early 20th century. The news devastated the couple. Kipling's books during his years at Bateman's included Puck of Pook's Hill (1906), Actions and Reactions (1909), Debts and Credits (1926), Thy Servant a Dog (1930) and Limits and Renewals (1932). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Thereafter, he wrote several books including the famous 'The Jungle Book'. There, Kipling flourished and discovered his talent for writing, eventually becoming editor of the school newspaper. The two appeared to be just friends, but during the Christmas holiday in 1891, Kipling, who had traveled back to India to see his family, received an urgent cable from Carrie. Reader in English Literature, University of Oxford, 1969–73. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature, the first Englishman to be so honoured. All the while he had remained keenly observant of the thronging spectacle of native India, which had engaged his interest and affection from earliest childhood. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? When he was five he was sent with his sister to board with a captain and his wife in Portsmouth while his parents stayed in India. Kipling seemed to adore his new life, which soon saw the Kiplings welcome their first child, a daughter named Josephine (born in 1893), and a second daughter, Elsie (born in 1896). Joseph Rudyard Kipling. Rudyard Kipling: biography The British writer and poet Rudyard Kipling became popular due to his short stories and poems; his quotes and aphorisms continue to be relevant today. During the First World War, the British Government asked Kipling to write propaganda, which Kipling immediately accepted. He wrote tales and poems of British soldiers in India and stories for children. Kipling’s father, John Lockwood Kipling, was an artist and scholar who had considerable influence on his son’s work, became curator of the Lahore Museum, and is described presiding over this “wonder house” in the first chapter of Kim, Rudyard’s most famous novel. Among the latter were Soldiers Three, The Phantom Rickshaw (containing the story “The Man Who Would Be King”), and Wee Willie Winkie (containing “Baa Baa, Black Sheep”). Thereafter he returned to India to work as a journalist. The turn of the century saw the publication of another novel that would become quite popular, Kim (1901), which featured a youth's adventure on the Grand Trunk Road. In 1907, Kipling received a Nobel Prize for literature, the first English-language author to win the prestigious award. But the journey across the Atlantic was brutal, and New York was frigid. Kipling was the recipient of many honorary degrees and other awards. A decade later, Kipling married Caroline Balestier and settled in Brattleboro, Vermont, where he wrote The Jungle Book (1894), among a host of other works that made him hugely successful. As a poet, author, and recipient of the Nobel Prize for literature in 1907, he published over 80 stories and ballads. He then went on to the United Services College at Westward Ho, north Devon, a new, inexpensive, and inferior boarding school. The two men quarreled, and when Kipling made noise about taking his brother-in-law to court because of threats Beatty had made to his life, newspapers across America broadcast the spat on their front pages. Wolcott had died suddenly of typhoid fever and Carrie needed Kipling to be with her. He also encouraged his son, John, to enlist. William Butler Yeats was one of the greatest English-language poets of the 20th century and received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1923. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Kipling lived there from 1902 until his death in 1936. A distraught and drained Kipling returned to England to once again mourn the loss of a child. In the spring of 1891, the Kiplings purchased from Carrie's brother Beatty a piece of land just north of Brattleboro and had a large home constructed, which they called the Naulahka. Rudyard Kipling's early stories and poems about life in colonial India made him a great favorite with English readers. Bateman's, the house purchased by Rudyard Kipling in 1902, Burwash, East Sussex, England. 1889- He left the newspaper and moved to London. In 1889, seven years after he had left England, Kipling returned to its shores in hopes of leveraging the modest amount of celebrity his book of short stories had earned him. For days, the world kept careful watch on the state of Kipling's health as newspapers reported on his condition. When Mrs. Holloway took away his books, Kipling snuck in literature time, pretending to play in his room by moving furniture along the floor while he read. Health issues eventually caught up to both Kipling and Carrie, the result of age and grief. Alice (one of the four noted MacDonald sisters) was a vivacious woman, about whom Lord Dufferin would say, "Dullness and Mrs Kipling cannot exist in the same room." © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. Mrs. Holloway was a brutal woman who quickly grew to despise her foster son. Even though he spent his early childhood in India he went to school in England. This autobiography/biography was written at the time of … In November 1887, Kipling became assistant editor at the … Over his last few years, Kipling suffered from a painful ulcer that eventually took his life on January 18, 1936. Rudyard Kipling was an English short-story writer, poet, and novelist. Since Josephine's death, Kipling and John had grown tremendously close. They were eventually assembled into a collection of 40 short stories called Plain Tales From the Hills, which gained wide popularity in England. The family waited until Kipling was strong enough to hear the news, but even then, Carrie could not bear to break it to him, asking his publisher, Frank Doubleday, to do so instead. He was sent to stay at Southsea, England, for schooling, where he was ill treated, and his secondary education was at United Services College in Devon. His only break from the Holloways came in December, when Kipling, who told nobody of his problems at school or with his foster parents, traveled to London to stay with relatives for the month. Rudyard Kipling Biography, Stories, Books, Poems, Nobel Prize In 1902 Kipling bought a house at Burwash, Sussex, which remained his home until his death. Unable or unwilling to adjust to life in America, the Kiplings returned to England in 1896. During the Japanese leg of the journey, Kipling learned that his bank, the New Oriental Banking Corporation, had failed. His tales enchanted girls and boys all over the English-speaking world. Left only with what they had with them, the young couple decided to travel to Brattleboro, where much of Carrie's family still resided. Kipling's friendship with Balestier changed the young writer's life. Kipling made his home with his parents in Lahore and, with his father's help, found a job with a local newspaper. Elsie Bambridge (née Kipling; 2 February 1896 – 24 May 1976) was the second daughter of British writer Rudyard Kipling.She was the only one of the Kipling's three children to survive beyond early adulthood. December 30, 1865 - January 18, 1936. Please try to rate again. When he finished he studies he went back to India and worked as a journalist. Kipling was a man of two worlds, somebody who was accepted by both his British counterparts and the native population. While working in India, Rudyard Kipling published a collection of verse and several volumes of short stories, including The Phantom Rickshaw, all of which were well received by the public. He was born Joseph Rudyard Kipling on December 30 th , 1865 in Bombay, India to John Lockwood Kipling, a pottery designer and sculptor, and Alice Kipling. Adopting the role of the head of the household, she held reporters at bay when they came calling and issued directions to both staff and children. He was quickly filling the journals he worked for with prose sketches and light verse. Kipling was the recipient of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature. In 1892, he also published the poetry work Barrack-Room Ballads. His father, an artist, was the head of the Department of Architectural Sculpture at the Jeejeebhoy School of Art in Bombay. https://www.biography.com/writer/rudyard-kipling. In 1926 he received the Gold Medal of the Royal Society of Literature, which only Scott, Meredith, and Hardy had been awarded before him. He died in 1936. Eliot.) His parents, although not officially important, belonged to the highest Anglo-Indian society, and Rudyard thus had opportunities for exploring the whole range of that life. That year the young couple moved to the United States and settled on Mrs. Kipling’s property in Vermont, but their manners and attitudes were considered objectionable by their neighbours. Both Kipling and young Josephine arrived in the states gravely ill with pneumonia. George Orwell was an English novelist, essayist and critic most famous for his novels 'Animal Farm' (1945) and 'Nineteen Eighty-Four' (1949). His most successful novel was Kim (1901). As a result, in 1896, he and his family left Vermont for a new life back in England. After spending … Eliot, and William Butler Yeats enjoyed. Around this time, Kipling's star power started to grow. British novelist William Golding wrote the critically acclaimed classic 'Lord of the Flies,' and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. 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